United Nations ki weather agency ne ek strong warning diya hai El Niño ke moderate se strong level tak develop hone ki sambhavna ke baare mein, jo global level par bade asar daal sakta hai. World Meteorological Organization (WMO) ke according, central aur eastern Pacific Ocean mein sea surface temperatures tezi se badh rahe hain, jisse pata chalta hai ki El Niño conditions already form hone lage hain. Ye periodic warming pattern, jo normally 9 se 12 months tak rehta hai, November 2026 tak persist karne ki sambhavna hai.
June 2, 2026 ko ek press briefing mein, WMO ke Secretary-General Celeste Saulo ne is urgent situation par dhyaan diya. “Humhe ek potentially strong El Niño event ke liye taiyaar rehna hoga — jo drought aur heavy rainfall ko aur bhadha dega aur land aur ocean dono par heatwaves ka khatra badha dega,” unhone kaha. WMO ka predict hai ki June se August tak zyada tar regions mein above-average temperatures rahega, aur ye warming trend saal bhar jari rehne ki sambhavna hai.
El Niño regional climates ko complex tarike se disrupt karta hai. Isse southern South America, Horn of Africa aur Central Asia mein zyada rainfall ho sakta hai, lekin Australia, Central America, Indonesia aur Southern Asia ke kuch hisson mein severe droughts bhi aa sakte hain. Iske alawa, ye phenomenon central aur eastern Pacific Ocean mein hurricane formation ka khatra bhi badha deta hai. 2023 se 2024 tak ka last El Niño, 2024 ko record-breaking sabse garam saal banaane mein contribute kiya, Ms. Saulo ke according.
Current El Niño development ko late April se mid-May tak sea surface temperatures mein tezi se increase se mark kiya gaya hai. WMO ne tropical Pacific mein unusually warm subsurface conditions bhi report kiya hai, jahan temperatures average se 6 degrees Celsius zyada hain. Surface ke niche ye heat reservoir surface warming ko drive kar raha hai aur El Niño conditions ko aur strong bana raha hai.
Kuch national weather agencies ne predict kiya hai ki ye El Niño decade ka sabse strong ho sakta hai. Unhone warning diya hai ki 2026 ke second half mein Asia mein zyada garam aur dry weather rahega, jo crops ko heavy damage aur food supplies par pressure daal sakta hai. Region ke farmers pehle se hi fertiliser shortages aur Iran mein ongoing conflict ke karan high fuel costs se facing kar rahe hain, jo food security ke liye aur bhi khatra ban gaya hai.
In concerns ke bawajood, WMO ne El Niño ki final strength ko lekar kuch uncertainty acknowledge ki hai, kyunki sabhi climate models strong event predict nahi kar rahe. Lekin agency ne isko ek critical climate warning samajhne ki zaroorat batayi hai. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres ne fossil fuels se renewable energy ki taraf immediate transition ki urgent action ki appeal ki. “Duniya ko isko urgent climate warning ki tarah treat karna hoga. El Niño conditions ek warming world ko aur bhadha dega,” unhone kaha.
Climate change El Niño patterns ki frequency ya intensity ko increase nahi karta, lekin WMO ne note kiya hai ki ye unke impacts ko intensify kar sakta hai, jaise extreme heatwaves aur heavy rainfall. Jo communities pehle se climate hazards ke liye vulnerable hain, unko aur bhi zyada challenges face karne pad sakte hain, jaise heat-related illnesses ka khatra, vector-borne diseases ka spread, aur food aur water systems par extra pressure. “Jo communities pehle se struggling hain, unko aur zyada limits ke par le jaaya jaayega,” Ms. Saulo ne warning di.
Jab duniya is emerging El Niño event ke potential impacts ke liye taiyaar ho rahi hai, experts global action ki appeal kar rahe hain taaki risks ko mitigate kiya ja sake aur extreme weather aur climate-related disasters ke khatre ke against resilience ko strong kiya ja sake.
